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Date: 11/07/2022
A critical vulnerability was discovered, allowing unauthenticated read and write access to Cosmos DB containers. This vulnerability has been dubbed “CosMiss”. The issue is within the built-in Jupyter Notebooks that integrate into Azure for querying and analyzing NoSQL data.
Due to Cosmos DB Jupyter Notebooks lacking authentication checks, an attacker with knowledge of a Notebook’s “forwardingId” could have full permissions on the Notebook, including read and write access, without having to authenticate.
Customers leveraging Cosmos DB are not required to make any changes. Microsoft has applied fixes on the back end. Additionally, this was discovered and addressed before the proof-of-concept code was released. It is unlikely that customers would have been impacted by attackers attempting to leverage this flaw.
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Four vulnerabilities have been disclosed affecting Checkmk IT infrastructure monitoring software. The vulnerabilities include code injection, arbitrary file reading, line feed injection, and Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).
These vulnerabilities can have little impact, but they can be chained together to gain unauthenticated remote code execution on a server running the affected Checkmk software version. The first step in the exploitation chain would be SSRF in the agent receiver API. Note that an attacker would likely first require access to an internal network before having the opportunity for exploitation.
The affected versions are 2.1.0p10 and lower. It is strongly recommended that administrators upgrade to Checkmk version 2.1.0p12, which was released on 9/15/22. It also recommended that security administrators perform regular vulnerability scanning of all endpoints to identify out-of-date software. Lastly, it is recommended that endpoints be protected with Endpoint Detection & Response software to monitor and prevent malicious activity.
Sources
https://blog.sonarsource.com/checkmk-rce-chain-1/
https://thehackernews.com/2022/11/multiple-vulnerabilities-reported-in.html
Security researchers have uncovered more than two dozen malicious Python packages on the PyPI registry. These packages imitate popular libraries to distribute malware, some of which are non-detrimental and are being used for educational purposes. However, others are truly malicious.
These packages are often typo-squatted names of popular libraries. Attackers pick genuine code from legitimate libraries and inject malicious code via a __import__ statement. They will then name these packages extremely close to the original package name in hopes that potential victims do not notice the incorrect spelling. Some of these malware strands have been seen to include the info-stealer malware W4SP, which can exfiltrate saved passwords and tokens from a compromised machine.
Typosquatting packages are often successful due to users needing to notice the incorrect spelling. Additionally, since many of these packages include legitimate code, users will not see anything irregular as the code will work as intended.
Cyware news suggests that organizations use controlled scopes on public package repositories to protect their private packages
Sources
https://cyware.com/news/typosquatted-pypi-packages-drop-w4sp-info-stealer-0d550977
A new cryptojacking campaign has been observed targeting vulnerable cloud infrastructures worldwide. The campaign, nicknamed Kiss-a-Dog, was first observed by CrowdStrike security researchers. The campaign utilizes multiple command and control (C2) servers to launch cloud-focused crypto mining attacks, escape containerized environments, and attempt to gain root privileges.
The threat actors launching this campaign have been explicitly seen targeting Docker containers as an initial foothold to the network. Post-compromise actors will fetch Python-coded malware named kiss.a-dog.top. This malware allows actors to utilize user and kernel mode rootkits, create backdoors, pivot within compromised networks, and establish persistence.
Since this campaign primarily focuses on vulnerable cloud infrastructure organizations should focus on keeping their cloud infrastructure updated on any security patches. Additionally, practicing best practices and implementing recommended security measures are imperative to secure any internet-connected cloud devices.
Sources
https://cyware.com/news/kiss-a-dog-campaign-targets-docker-and-kubernetes-for-cryptomining-d1a047cb
https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/new-kiss-a-dog-cryptojacking-campaign-targets-docker-and—-kubernetes/
After a much-hyped pre-announcement, a news advisory from OpenSSL describes a high-severity vulnerability in OpenSSL versions 3.0 to 3.0.6. The vulnerabilities are in the code that validates certificates. The pre-announcement labeled the vulnerabilities as critical. When the patch was released, the severity was downgraded to high.
The pre-announcement of this patch led to speculation that these vulnerabilities would have a widespread and damaging impact similar to the Heartbleed bug of 2014.
Fortunately, exploitation of CVE-2022-3602 and CVE-2022-3786 is only possible under specific conditions.
One potential vector is the validation of a server certificate by a client. This scenario requires that the server certificate be signed by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) and that the client uses OpenSSL 3.0-3.0.6 for certificate validation. The second potential vector is a validation of client certificates in systems requiring client certificates for mutual authentication. Currently, the only proof-of-concept available for the referenced vulnerabilities results in denial of service, but remote code execution is possible.
If your organization runs OpenSSL 3.0-3.0.6, upgrade to version 3.0.7. If public-facing servers requiring mutual TLS authentication run OpenSSL 3.0-3.06, this should be considered a high-priority patch.
Sources
https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20221101.txt
CVE-2022-3786 – Security Update Guide – Microsoft – OpenSSL: CVE-2022-3786 X.509 certificate verification buffer overrun
CVE-2022-3602 – Security Update Guide – Microsoft – OpenSSL: CVE-2022-3602 X.509 certificate verification buffer overrun
On October 12, 2022, Juniper released upgrades that fixed several high-severity vulnerabilities affecting J-Web, the Juniper Web Device Manager. Details on these vulnerabilities are included in a blog post by Paulos Yibelo of Octagon Networks, credited with discovering them.
The vulnerabilities addressed in this upgrade to JunOS include remote code execution to Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) based session stealing. Exploitation can lead to attackers controlling the appliance.
Organizations running Juniper devices with J-Web enabled should upgrade affected devices as soon as possible. Until patches are applied, consider disabling J-Web.
Sources
Juniper SSLVPN / JunOS RCE and Multiple Vulnerabilities – Blog | Octagon Networks
2022-10 Security Bulletin: Junos OS: Multiple vulnerabilities in J-Web (juniper.net)
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